On a Conjecture of Sun Involving Powers of Three

Citation:

Quan-Hui YANG ·,Lilu ZHAO.On a Conjecture of Sun Involving Powers of Three[J].Chinese Annals of Mathematics B,2026,(5):899~910
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Authors:

Quan-Hui YANG ·; Lilu ZHAO

Foundation:

the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2021YFA1000701) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 12371005, 12471008)
Abstract: Given a positive integer n ≥ 2, let D(n) denote the smallest positive integer m such that a3 + a (a = 1, · · · , n) are pairwise distinct modulo m2. A conjecture of Sun states that D(n) = 3k, where 3k is the least power of 3 no less than √n. The purpose of this paper is to confirm this conjecture.

Keywords:

Congruence  Gauss sum  Quadratic residue  Kloosterman sum

Classification:

11A07, 11L05
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