Essential Numerical Ranges of Linear Relations and Singular Discrete Linear Hamiltonian Systems

Citation:

Li ZHU,Huaqing SUN.Essential Numerical Ranges of Linear Relations and Singular Discrete Linear Hamiltonian Systems[J].Chinese Annals of Mathematics B,2025,46(1):63~84
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Authors:

Li ZHU; Huaqing SUN

Foundation:

the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11971262), Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation (No. ZR2019MA038, ZR2024QA088)
Abstract: In the paper, a concept of the essential numerical range We(T ) of a linear relation T in a Hilbert space is given, other various essential numerical ranges Wei(T ), i = 1, 2, 3, 4, are introduced, and relationships among We(T ) and Wei(T ) are established. These results generalize relevant results obtained by B?gli et al. in [B?gli, S., Marletta, M. and Tretter, C., The essential numerical range for unbounded linear operators, J. Funct. Anal., 279, 2020, 47–12]. Moreover, several fundamental properties of closed relations related to its operator parts are presented. In addition, singular discrete linear Hamiltonian systems including non-symmetric cases are considered, several properties for the associated minimal relations H0 are derived, and the above results for abstract linear relations are applied to H0.

Keywords:

Linear relation  Numerical range  Essential numerical range  Essential spectrum  Singular discrete linear Hamiltonian system

Classification:

47A06, 47A12, 39A70
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